History of replantation, transplantation and implantation

Timeline

1700s / eighteenth century

• 1795: First human to human blood transfusion.

 

1800s / nineteenth century

• 1869: First pinch graft technique for skin grafting developed.
• 1883: First transplantation: thyroid tissue implantation to treat iatrogenic and primary hypothyroidism.

 

1900s / twentieth century

• 1905: First cornea transplantation. 
• 1948: First commercial production of the immunosuppressant cortisone. 
• 1950: First full organ transplantation. First human kidney transplantation.
• 1954: First 'living related' human kidney transplantation (between identical twins).
• 1955: First heart valve allograft.
• 1956: First bone marrow transplantation.
• 1960: First use of the immunosuppressant azathioprine in transplant patients.
• 1960: First total hip replacement (arthroplasty). 
• 1963: First lung transplantation (failed due to rejection).
• 1964: First hand transplantation (failed due to rejection). 
• 1964: First surgical placement of a human cochlear implant.
• 1966: First pancreas transplantation.
• 1967: First successful liver transplantation (survived 1 year).
• 1967: First successful heart transplantation.
• 1978: First use of the immunosuppressant Ciclosporin in transplant patients. 
• 1981: First successful heart-lung transplantation.
• 1984: First double organ transplantation. 
• 1986: First successful double lung transplantation.
• 1986: First approval for a monoclonal antibody to be used in humans: Muromonab-CD3 (against kidney transplant rejection).
• 1994: First full-face replantation surgery. 
• 1997: Deep Brain Stimulation gains FDA approval for the treatment of Parkinson disease and essential tremor.
• 1999: First long-term successful hand transplantation. 
• 1999: First successful tissue engineered bladder transplantation.

 

2000s / twenty-first century

• 2005: First successful ovarian transplantation. 
• 2006: First successful penis transplantation.
• 2008: First trachea transplantation.
• 2008: First double arm transplantation. 
• 2008: First live birth resulting from ovarian transplantation.
• 2010: First full-face transplantation. 
• 2011: First double leg transplantation. 
• 2014: First uterine transplantation to result in a live birth.
• 2014: First successful transplantation of neonatal organs.
• November 2017: First publication of a regeneration of the entire epidermis using transgenic stem cells.
• 2018: Invention of a 'skin gun' to regenerate skin in burn regions.