Presentation of Heart failure
Dry (5% of Acute Heart Failure patients)
- No systemic venous congestion
- No pulmonary oedema
- Lower probability of peripheral oedema
- Dry mucous membranes
- Normal jugular venous pulse
- Inferior vena cava appears collapsed on imaging
- Worsens with diuresis
Cold
- Inadequate peripheral perfusion
- Cold skin
Pathophysiology
- Hypoperfused
- Hypovolaemic
Management
- Fluid challenge
- Inotropic therapy
References
- Piotr Ponikowski, Adriaan A Voors, Stefan D Anker, Héctor
Bueno, John G F Cleland, Andrew J S Coats, Volkmar Falk, José Ramón
González-Juanatey, Veli-Pekka Harjola, Ewa A Jankowska, Mariell Jessup,
Cecilia Linde, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, John T Parissis, Burkert Pieske,
Jillian P Riley, Giuseppe M C Rosano, Luis M Ruilope, Frank Ruschitzka,
Frans H Rutten, Peter van der Meer, ESC Scientific Document Group, 2016
ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic
heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute
and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC, European Heart Journal, Volume 37, Issue 27, 14 July 2016, Pages 2129–2200, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128
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