Heart failure: Dry and warm

Presentation of Heart failure

Dry (5% of Acute Heart Failure patients)

• No systemic venous congestion
• No pulmonary oedema
• Lower probability of peripheral oedema
• Dry mucous membranes
• Normal jugular venous pulse
• Inferior vena cava appears collapsed on imaging
• Worsens with diuresis

 

Warm

• Adequate peripheral perfusion
• Warm skin

 

Pathophysiology

• If adequately perfused, this can be considered compensated heart failure.

 

Management

• Adjust oral therapy

 

References

1. Piotr Ponikowski, Adriaan A Voors, Stefan D Anker, Héctor Bueno, John G F Cleland, Andrew J S Coats, Volkmar Falk, José Ramón González-Juanatey, Veli-Pekka Harjola, Ewa A Jankowska, Mariell Jessup, Cecilia Linde, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, John T Parissis, Burkert Pieske, Jillian P Riley, Giuseppe M C Rosano, Luis M Ruilope, Frank Ruschitzka, Frans H Rutten, Peter van der Meer, ESC Scientific Document Group, 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
   Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC, European Heart Journal, Volume 37, Issue 27, 14 July 2016, Pages 2129–2200, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128