Euarthropoda

Taxonomy 

• Animalia

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota 

Kingdom : Animalia  

Phylum : Euarthropoda

• Class : Arachnida

• Subphylum: Crustacea

• Class : Insecta

[Infectiology] Animalia

Taxonomy 

• Animalia

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota 

Kingdom : Animalia 

• Phylum : Euarthropoda 

• Phylum : Nematoda 

• Phylum : Platyhelminthes

[Infectiology] Basic taxonomy

Infectiology

Taxonomy is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics.

This is a highly complex academic field, which considers enormous amounts of information. Taxonomic consensus changes continously, as more research is completed and more evidence is gathered.

 

Etymology

From Ancient Greek τάξις (táxis) = order, arrangement
From Ancient Greek νόμος (nómos) = law, custom

Taxonomy = the science of arrangement

 

Non-cellular 'life'

These are obligate infectious agents which cannot replicate independently of living organisms.

• Virus
• Prion 

 

The three domains

All living organisms can be categorised into three groups called domains: eukaryota, bacteria and archaea. This system was proposed in 1990.

• Eukaryota 

Eukaryotes are unicellular or multicellular organisms. The cells contain a nucleus enclosed within membranes.

• Prokaryota
• Bacteria
• Archaea 

Prokaryotes are unicellular or multicellular organisms. The cells which lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.

 

The seven kingdoms

All living organisms can be grouped into kingdoms.
This is a relatively simplistic taxonomic system, which is bothersome to taxonomists, but it is relatively accessible and popular. The 2015 system of 7 kingdoms, proposed by Ruggiero et al. follows below:

• Bacteria
• Archaea
• Protozoa
• Chromista
• Plantae
• Fungi
• Animalia

The kingdoms Chromista and Protozoa include organisms which have been called 'protists' (kingdom: Protoctista). Many sources still (inaccurately) refer to chromists as 'protozoa', 'fungi' or 'animals'. 

Eukaryota

Taxonomy 

• Eukaryota

Eukaryota is a domain of organisms.

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota

• Kingdom : Animalia

• Kingdom : Chromista

• Kingdom : Fungi

• Kingdom : Plantae

• Kingdom : Protozoa

Nematoda

Also known as Nemathelminthes, or roundworm.

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota  

Kingdom : Animalia  

Phylum : Nematoda

• Ascaris lumbricoides : Ascariasis  
• Ancylostoma duodenale : Ancylostomiasis
• Angiostrongylus cantonensis : meningitis
• Baylisascaris species : Baylisascaris, meningitis
• Dracunculus medinensis : Dracunculiasis
• Gnathostoma spinigerum : meningitis
• Loa loa : Loa loa filariasis
• Necator americanus : Necatoriasis
• Onchocerca volvulus : Onchocerciasis
• Strongyloides stercoralis : Strongyloidiasis
• Toxocara canis : Toxocariasis, meningitis
• Trichuris trichiura : Trichuriasis
• Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, or Brugia timori : Lymphatic filariasis

Platyhelminthes

Also known as flatworms.

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota  

Kingdom : Animalia   

Phylum : Platyhelminthes  

• Class: Cestoda (tapeworm)

• Class: Trematoda (fluke)

Crustacea

Taxonomy 

• Animalia

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota 

Kingdom : Animalia  

Phylum : Euarthropoda

Subphylum: Crustacea 

Class : Maxillopoda

Subclass: Pentastomida (tongue worms)

• Linguatula serrata : Linguatulosis
• Porocephalus crotali : Porocephaliasis
• Armillifer armillatus : Porocephaliasis 

 

Arachnida

Taxonomy 

• Animalia

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota 

Kingdom : Animalia  

Phylum : Euarthropoda

Class : Arachnida

• Dermanyssus gallinae : Gamasoidosis 
• Ornithonyssus bursa : Gamasoidosis 
• Ornithonyssus sylviarum : Gamasoidosis
• Liponyssoides sanguineus : Rodent mite dermatitis
• Ornithonyssus bacoti : Rodent mite dermatitis 
• Laelaps echidnina : Rodent mite dermatitis
• Ixodes ricinus : Tick paralysis 
• Borrelia burgdorferi : Tick paralysis
• Sarcoptes scabiei : Scabies
• Cheyletiellosis species : Cheyletiellosis 
• Demodex folliculorum : Demodicosis, rosacea
• Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (European dust mite) : House dust mite allergy, Oral mite anaphylaxis
• Dermatophagoides farinae (American dust mite) : House dust mite allergy, Oral mite anaphylaxis 

Characteristics

• Arachnids usually have 8 legs.

Insecta

Taxonomy 

• Animalia

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota 

Kingdom : Animalia  

Phylum : Euarthropoda

Class : Insecta

• Cimex lectularius : Cimicosis 
• Cimex hemipterus : Cimicosis
• Dermatobia hominis : Myiasis 
• Cordylobia anthropophaga : Myiasis 
• Cochliomyia hominivorax : Myiasis 
• Pediculus humanus humanus (body lice) infestation : Pediculosis corporis
• Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice) infestation : Pediculosis capitis 
• Pthirus pubis (pubic lice) infestation : Pediculosis pubis
• Tunga penetrans infestation : Tungiasis 

 

Characteristics

• Insects have 6 legs.

Cestoda

Also known as tapeworms.

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota  

Kingdom : Animalia   

Phylum : Platyhelminthes 

Class: Cestoda

• Echinococcus species: Echinococcosis, parasitic liver disease
• Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) : Cysticercosis / Taeniasis

Trematoda

Also known as flukes.

 

Classification

Domain : Eukaryota  

Kingdom : Animalia   

Phylum : Platyhelminthes 

Class: Trematoda

• Clonorchis sinensis : Clonorchiasis 
• Fasciola species : Fasciolosis, parasitic liver disease
• Opisthorchis species : Opisthorchiasis 
• Paragonimus westermani : Paragonimiasis 
• Schistosoma species : Schistosomiasis
• Trichobilharzia regenti : Cercarial dermatitis (swimmer's itch)