[Cardiology] Introduction

Cardiologists specialise in diseases of the heart.
There is significant overlap with angiology and pulmonology.

 

Etymology

Ancient Greek καρδίᾱ (kardiā) = heart
Ancient Greek λογία (logia) = study

 

History taking

 

Physical examination  

 

Common symptoms

• Chest pain
• Dyspnoea
• Palpitation(s)
• Syncope

 

Heart diseases

 

Diseases:

• Myocardial infarction
• ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
• Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
• Heart failure
• Chronic 
• Heart valve disease
• Bicuspid aortic valve  
• Mitral stenosis 
• Mitral insufficiency (mitral regurgitation)
• Aortic stenosis
• Aortic insufficiency (aortic regurtitation)
• Pericardial effusion
• Pericardial tamponade 
• Endocarditis 
• Infective endocarditis 
• Infected aneurysm
• Myocarditis
• Pericarditis 
• Constrictive pericarditis 
• Dressler syndrome (postmyocardial infarction syndrome)
• Cardiomyopathy
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Dilated cardiomyopathy
• Restrictive cardiomyopathy
• Stress-induced cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, broken heart syndrome)