[Ophthalmology] Introduction

This field specialises in diseases of the eyes and related nerves. There is significant overlap with the field of neurology.

 

Subspecialties

• Neuro-ophthalmology
• Paediatric ophthalmology
• Oculoplastic surgery

 

Etymology

Ancient Greek ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós) = eye
Ancient Greek λογία (logia) = study

 

History taking

 

Physical examination

 

Eye diseases

 

Diseases:

• Refractive error
• Glaucoma
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Hypertensive retinopathy
• Macular degeneration 
• Uveitis
• Asthenopia
• Dry eye syndromes
• Pterygium
• Keratoconus 
• Corneal Scarring
• Retinitis pigmentosa
• Giant cell arteritis
• Sympathetic ophthalmia 

 

Notable ophthalmologists 

• Marcus Gunn