[Orthopaedic surgery] Introduction

Orthopaedic surgeons specialise in diseases of the bone, tendons, muscles, and joints.

 

Etymology

Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós) = straight, right, proper.
Ancient Greek παιδεία (paideía) = upbringing, training
Ancient Greek παιδίον (paidion) = child
Via French "orthopédie" in the publication "Orthopaedics: The art of straightening the deformities of children."

 

History taking 

 

Physical examination

 

Procedures

 

Connective tissue diseases

Musculoskeletal diseases

 

Diseases:

• Traumatic bone fracture 
• Femoral neck fractures
• Salter-Harris fractures
• Nonunion
• Traumatic muscle / tendon tear (strain)
• Rotator cuff tear 
• Traumatic ligament tear (sprain)
• Osteoarthritis
• Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (Frozen shoulder) 
• Medial epicondylitis (Golfer's elbow)
• Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis elbow)
• Impingement syndrome
• Iliotibial band syndrome
• Patellar tendinitis
• Osgood–Schlatter disease
• Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease
• Sever's disease
• Avascular necrosis
• Compartment syndrome 
• Spinal stenosis 
• Osteosarcoma 
• Chondrosarcoma