Rabies

This is a notifiable disease. This means that all diagnosed cases must be reported to the national Public Health services.

Pathogen: Rabies virus
 

 

 

Cerebral infarction

Disease class: Brain infarction

Types

• dementia, Multi-infarct
• infarction, Anterior cerebral artery
• infarction, Middle cerebral artery
• infarction, Posterior cerebral artery

Brain stem infarctions

Disease class: Brain infarction

Subtypes

• Lateral medullary syndrome

Lacunar stroke

Disease class: Cerebral small vessel diseases
 Disease class: Stroke

Also known as

• Lacunar stroke 
• Lacunar infarct (LACI) 

This is a type of ischaemic stroke. It results from the occlusion of small penetrating arteries which provide blood to the brain's deep structures.

 

Etymology

C. Miller Fisher observed "lacunae" (empty spaces) in the deep brain structures after occlusion of 200–800 μm penetrating arteries and connected them with five classic syndromes.

 

Types

• Pure motor stroke / hemiparesis (occurs in 33–50%)
• Ataxic hemiparesis (second most frequent)
• Dysarthria / clumsy hand (sometimes considered a variant of ataxic hemiparesis)
• Pure sensory stroke
• Mixed sensorimotor stroke 
• Silent lacunar infarction. There are no symptoms despite a loss of brain tissue. This often considered to be a non-stroke syndrome because a diagnosis of stroke can be made clinically. However a diagnosis of silent lacunar infarction must be identified by radiological imaging or post-mortem examination.

 

Epidemiology

• It is estimated that lacunar infarcts account for 25% of all ischaemic strokes.
• There is an annual incidence of approximately 15 per 100,000 people. 
• They may be more frequent in men .
• They may be more frequent in people of African, Mexican, and Hong Kong Chinese descent.

Carotid stenosis

Disease class: Carotid artery diseases

Brain hypoxia-ischaemia

Disease class: Brain ischaemia

Subclavian steal syndrome

Disease class: Vertebrobasilar insufficiency

 

Lateral medullary syndrome

Disease class: Brain stem infarctions

 

Cerebral small vessel diseases

Disease class: Cerebrovascular disorders

Types

• CADASIL
• cerebral amyloid angiopathy, Familial
• Fabry disease
• MELAS syndrome
• Microscopic polyangiitis
• stroke, Lacunar

Vertebrobasilar insufficiency

Disease class: Brain ischaemia

Types

• Subclavian steal syndrome

Encephalomyelitis

Disease class: Central nervous system diseases

 

Progressive bulbar palsy

Disease class: Motor neuron disease

Friedreich ataxia

Disease class: Mitochondrial diseases

Disease class: Spinocerebellar degenerations

 

Transient Ischaemic Attack

Disease class: Brain ischaemia

Also known as

• TIA
• Mini-stroke
• Warning-stroke

 

See also

• Stroke

Ataxia telangiectasia

Disease class: Immunologic deficiency syndromes

Disease class: Neurocutaneous syndromes

Susac syndrome

Disease class: Cerebrovascular disorders

Disease class: Ear diseases
Disease class: Neurologic manifestations
Disease class: Retinal artery occlusion
Disease class: Vision disorders

 

Hypoaesthesia

Disease class: Somatosensory disorders

Hyperaesthesia

Disease class: Somatosensory disorders

Paraesthesia

Disease class: Somatosensory disorders

Hyperalgesia

Disease class: Somatosensory disorders